Wall construction



Sept. 11, 1923.

1.467.340 A. SIEGEL WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed June 27; 1922 INE/ENTOR.firm SZeyeZ BY 2 @fi @ATTORNEY Patented Sept. 11, 1923.

UNITED STATS PAT NT orrice LABRAM SIEGEL, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK.

WALL CONSTRUCTION.

Application filed June 27, 19 227 Serial No. 571.230.

.had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification,and to the reference numerals marked thereon.

'This invention relates to building construction and more particularlyto the variety. built up of-blocks laid one upon another and suitablysecured together, the chiefobjcct of the invention being to proride aconstruction of the above variety portion of the wall in a comprisingblocks formed for inter-locking engagement with each other and tyingmeans passed through openingsin the blocks in series for securing thesame against relative movement in any direction and atfording a stroncand rigid structure capable of being economically manufactured andassembled. I

Another object is to provide a construction of the above type comprisingblocks of a practical form of design laid one upon another in courseswith the blocks of each course in interlocking engagement with theblocks of the adjacent courses and tying means inserted through openingsin the blocks of each course for rigidly securing the blocks of eachcourse and of. adjacent courses together, to produce a rigid wall, floorand.

ceiling construction. To these and other ends the invention resides incertain improvements and combinations of parts all as will hereinafterbe more fully described, the novel features being pointed out in theclaims at the end of the specification.

In the drawings: Figure 1 shows an elevation of a building wallembodying the present invention;

Figure 2 is a fragmentary perspective view of a corner portion of thewall. 7

Figure 3 is a sectional elevation through plane parallel with the sidesthercotl;

Figure 4 is a sectional view on the line P -4 of Figure 3;

(Figure 5 is a perspective view of one-of the blocks;

Figure 6 is a similar View of a corner block; I 1

Figure 7 is a sectionalelevation on the line 7"-7 of Figure 2.

Similar reference numerals throughout the several views indicate thesame parts.

The invention is embodied in the present instance in a.construct-ionbuilt up of blocks formed for interlocking engagement withone another and having tying means or members, such, for example, asbars or rods, passed through aligned series of the blocks, so that thelatteriare securely fixed against relative movement'in any direction andthe constrlution or wall as a whole is givena permanently fixed andrigid character. -Referringmore particularly to the-drawings, there isshown in Figures 1 and 2 a wall construction built/up of blocks 10 suchas illustrated in detail in Figure 5, laid with their ends in abuttingrelation to formhorizontal courses with the joints between the blocks attheir endsstaggered ina Vertical direction.

As shown in Figure 5, each block, which I may be. made of wood,concrete, clay or other suitable ztcrial, is preferably formed adjacentthe .cntcr of one side With a projecting portion 11 of substantiallydovetail shape opposite which on the other side the block has a, recess12 formed therein of the same shape as the projection 11. and slightlylarger. The recess 12 leaves adjacent either end of the same side of theblock a projecting portion 13 each of which corresponds substantially insize and shape with one-half of the projection 11. On either sidc ofprojection 11 is a recemed portion 11 of substantially the size andshape of one-half of recess 12. The dovetail projecting and recessedportions are preferably somewhat flattened. as indicated at 14-. toobviate excessively thin corner porof adjacent courses also and they mayif desired be unit/ed by cementing material,

providing a solid and substantial type of the provision of blockscapable of beingpractically manufactured and assembled in effectiveinterlocking relation with each other.

It has been found that the rigidity and strength of a block constructionsuch as described above may be materially increased by forming theblocks with openings therein arranged to extend in alignment with eachother when the blocks are laid together and by subsequently passingsuitable tie members, such, for example, as rods of a suitable varietyof wood or of metal through such openings, to thus further lock theblocks against any relative movement and to afford a structure capableof supporting itself without arched or other special construction forconsiderable distances, as, for example, between spaced foundationsupports and over windows, doors and other well openings. A plurality ofsuch openings as shown at 15, 16 and 17, Figures 3 and 5, are preferablyformed in each block in the nature of circular bores extendinglongitudinally of the block from end to end thereof. In the presentinstance there are two sets of three such boresin each block, the boresbeing spaced from each other vertically and horizontally transversely ofthe block; It is to be. noted that the upper bores 15 and the lowerbores 17 pass through the projecting portions 11 and 13 of the blocksand the tie members 18 and 20 assed through these bores securely lockthe locks of adjacent courses together, as well as the blocks of thesame course which latter are further held by the tie members 19 passedthrough the central bores 16. The tie members are preferably in the formof round bars or rods of substantial length, as shown and of such a sizerelative to the bores in the blocks as to be readily passed or slid intoan aligned series of bores in the blocks of a given course. This ispreferably accomplished by laying a course of the blocks and insertingthe rods through the bores of the course from an end thereof before theend or corner blocks described below are placed in position.

Suitable blocks maybe provided for finishing the end of the courses atthe end or corner f a wall, preferred forms of blocks for this purposebeing illustrated in Figures 2 and 6. Such corner blocks are incomplementary pairs and the complementary interlocking form of theseblocks, as

' shown in Figure 6. comprises a generally diagonal irregular face 23 onblock 21 fitted to a corresponding surface 24 on block 22.

10 and the corner blocks are preferably se-f cured or tied to each otheras by means of a metal strap 27 having angularly turned ends engaged inrecesses 28 formed in each of the blocks.

In order to facilitate the handling of the blocks by hoisting apparatuswhere desired, the ends of each block are preferably recessed as at 29to permit the hooks or grapples of the hoisting apparatus to be attachedto the block within such recesses and within the block outlines. Thehoisting connections are thus held against slipping from the block and50 located as not to interfere with the placing of the block in positionon a wall.

The block construction described has in addition to the foregoingstructural merits the additional advantages from the point of view ofeconomy that its use for buildings eliminates the need for and cost ofstudding, clapboards, sheathing, and the like and the rigid type ofconstruction permits of the use of relatively cheap material, such, forexample, as wooden blocks formed from miscellaneous stock. The blocksmay, of course, be made in various proportions and sizes to suit thecircumstances of the strue} ture to be built and the materials employed:

The tie members or rods are arranged to not only lock the blocks of eachcourse together but alsothe blocks of adjacent courses as well and serveas a substantial reenforee-f ment for each course and the wall asfjawhole, so that it will not yield or sag between spaced points of supportor over wall openings, thus simplifying the problem of supporting a wallso built, eliminating the tendency to settle and part or crack. andpermitting'of the use of light frames for lining window. door and otherwall openings. As shown in Figure 1 the blocks may if desired have theirouter faces formed with ornamentation matching up in the assem'bly ofthe blocks in a wall to afford pleasing ornamental design.

I claim as my invention:

1. A building partition comprising a pinrality of blocks laid one uponanother in courses, and each provided with means for interlockingengagement with a plurality of blocks of an adjacent course to lock theblocks of each course and also adjacent courses together, said blocksbeing formed with openings therein arranged to extend.

in alignment with one another in each course, and a tie member passedthrough the aligned openings of the blocks of each course to secure thesame together.

2. A building construction comprising a plurality of blocks laid oneupon'another in courses, the blocks of adjacent courses havingcooperating projecting and recessed portions of dovetail shape ininterlocking engagementwith one another and said blocks being formedwith bores therethrough arranged to extend in alignment with one anotherin each course, and a tie member. passed through the aligned bores ofthe blocks of each course to secure the same together.

3. A building construction comprising a plurality of'blocks each havinga dovetail projection and a correspondingly shaped recess forinterlocking engagement with complementary portions of adjacent blocks,said blocks being formed with openings therein arranged to extend inalignment with one another in successively adjacent blocks, a tie rodpassed through each series of said aligned openings to secure the blockstogether.

4. A building construction comprising .a plurality of blocks laid oneupon another in courses, and each having on each of opposite sidesthereof a. dovetail projection ands. similarly shaped recess ininterlocking engagement with corresponding portions of blocks inadjacent courses, said blocks hav ing openings formed therein arrangedto extend in alignment with one another in each course, and a tie rodpassed through said aligned openings in each course to secure the blockstogether.

5. A building construction comprising a plurality ot'blocks laid oneupon another in courses, and provided with projecting and recessedportions of dovetail shape for interlocking engagement withcorresponding portions of blocks of adjacent courses, each of saidblocks being formed with a plurality of spaced openings therein arrangedto extend in alignment with the corresponding openings of blocks in thesame course, and tie rods passed through the series of aligned openingsin each course to secure the blocks together.

6. A building construction comprising a. plurality of blocks laid oneupon another in courses, and provided with projecting and recessedportions for interlocking engagement with correspomling portions ofblocks of adjacent courses, said blocks bemg formed with openingstherein arranged to extend in alignment with corresponding openings ofblocks 11! the same course; a t e rality of blocks provided with lockingportions adapted for engagement with complementary locking portions ofadjacent blocks by movement transversely of the plane of the partitionfor locking said blocks together against relative movement in saidplane, and tie members passed through openings in said blocks to securethe blocks against relative movement transversely of said plane.

8. A build ng partition comprising a plu-- rality of blocks, eachprovided with locking portions engaged with complementarylockingportions of a plurality'of blocks of an ad acent course to secure thelatter and also the respective courses against relative movement in theplane of said partition, and tie members passed throughopenings in saidblocks to secure the blocks against relative movement transversely ofsaid plane.

9. A building partition comprising a plurality of blocks. each providedwith project ing and recessed locking portions adapted to be engagedwith complementar locking portions of a plurality of blocks ot an adjacent course by an interlocking movement transversely of the plane ofsaid partitionfor securing the latter and also the respective coursesagainst relative movement in said plane and for breaking joints betweenblocks and courses, and tie members passed through openings in saidblocks to secure the same against movement transversely of said plane.

.' 0. A building partition comprising a plurality of blocks providedon'opposit-e sides with locking portionsadapted to be engaged by aninterlocking movement transversely of the plane of said partition withcomplementary locking portions of blocks of courses adjoining saidopposite sides for locking said courses and the blocks of each courseagainst relative movement in said )lane and tie rods )assed throu 'h oienin s 1 Q P P in said blocks for securing the latter against movementtransversely of said plane.

ABRANI si noun.

